BANK LENDING IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF
UKRAINE’S ECONOMY: AN ANALYTICAL ASPECT

Olena MOSHKOVSKA

State University of Trade and Economics, Kyiv

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1176-9478

Yuliya MANACHYNSKA

Chernivtsi Institute of Trade and Economic of SUTE, Chernivtsi

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9155-3417

Olha KOSTIUK

Chernivtsi Institute of Trade and Economic of SUTE, Chernivtsi

https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8575-7738

DOI: http://doi.org/10.34025/2310-8185-2025-4.100.01

Keywords: banking system, credit, bank, sustainable development, green lending, sustainable finance, credit risk, ESG factors, post-war recovery.

---

Summary

Relevance. Problem statement. Post-war economic recovery in Ukraine requires the efficient coordination of resources, with regional development serving as a key driver of economic growth and innovation. In this context, bank lending plays a crucial role by providing enterprises with financial resources to restore operations and adapt to changing market conditions. Contemporary financing must integrate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations. At the same time, the state of war complicates the practical implementation of these reforms, emphasizing the importance of studying the role of lending as a mechanism for promoting sustainable business practices and a resilient banking system. The purpose of this article is therefore to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the impact of bank lending on Ukraine’s economic development, and to determine prospects for improvement and increased effectiveness in ensuring economic sustainability. Objectives include researching lending operation structures during wartime, analysing “green” lending practices, and applying credit risk management methods. Methodology. The research employs institutional, functional, and reproductive approaches, classification methods, analytical and graphical techniques, as well as GAP management tools to assess financial risks and asset sensitivity to interest rate fluctuations.

Results. The economic essence of bank and “green” credit has been clarified; the classification of credits based on sustainable development criteria has been refined. The state of the banking sector has been analyzed, and an analytical assessment of changes in the credit portfolio of corporate and individual businesses has been provided, with a focus on the share of non-performing loans. A comprehensive credit policy system has been proposed, taking into account the sensitivity of assets to interest rate fluctuations.

Practical significance. The results can be utilized by banks to enhance sustainable financing strategies, manage credit risks, and attract private capital to low-carbon infrastructure. Future research prospects will focus on an in-depth study of the features of innovative financial mechanisms (in particular, crowdfunding platforms), monitoring the effectiveness of credit programs, and improving the reporting systems of banks and enterprises in the field of sustainable development up to 2030.

---

Biographies of authors:

Olena MOSHKOVSKA,

State University of Trade and Economics

Doctor of Economics, Professor,

Professor of the Department of Accounting and Taxation

Yuliya MANACHYNSKA,

Chernivtsi Institute of Trade and Economic of SUTE

Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor,

Associate Professor Department of Finance, Accounting and Taxation

Olha KOSTIUK,

Chernivtsi Institute of Trade and Economic of SUTE

Master’s Degree Student

---

References:

National Bank of Ukraine (2024). Policy on Sustainable Finance Development of Ukraine. 17 Sep. Available at: https://bank.gov.ua/admin_uploads/article/ESG%20strategy_public.pdf?v=12 (in Ukr.).

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (2000). On Banks and Banking Activities, Law of Ukraine No. 2121-III of 07 Dec. Updated 03 Jun 2025. Available at: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2121-14#Text (in Ukr.).

National Bank of Ukraine (2024). Active and Passive Operations of Banks. Available at: https://bank.gov.ua/ua/statistic/supervision-statist (in Ukr.).

Andros, S.V. (2025). Bank Lending as an Important Instrument for Ensuring Financial Stability of Agro-Industrial Enterprises in the Post-War Economic Recovery. ECONOMICS: Time Realities, no. 3(79), pp. 18–29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15276/ETR.03.2025.2 (in Ukr.).

Andrushchak, Y.M., & Herasymenko, A.V. (2024). Management of Concentration Risk in Bank Lending to Industrial Enterprises. Economy and Society, no. 2. DOI: http://doi.org/10.32702/2307-2105.2024.2.58 (in Ukr.).

Ukrinform (2025). Banks Issued UAH 127 Billion in Loans to Business and Population Last Year. 27 Jan. Available at: https://surli.cc/torzxl (in Ukr.).

Hetmantsev, D.O. (2025). In 2024, Business Lending Relative to GDP Reached a New Minimum. Economic Truth, Mar. Available at: https://surl.li/nubrco (in Ukr.).

Danylyshyn, B.M. (2025). Assessment of the State of Lending in the Economy of Ukraine. Federation of Employers of Ukraine, 20 May. Available at: https://fru.ua/ua/media-center/analytics/otsinka-stanu-kredituvannya-ekonomiki-ukrajini (in Ukr.).

Dotsenko, I.O. (2024). Management of Credit Risks of Banking Institutions under Martial Law. Scientific Journal “Modeling the Development of the Economic Systems”, no. 11, pp. 156–162. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31891/mdes/2024-11-22 (in Ukr.).

Dumenko, N.M. (2013). GAP-Management Methodology in Assessing Interest Rate Risk in the Banking System of Ukraine. Economic Bulletin, no. 4, pp. 97–102. Available at: https://surl.li/gvnmlt (in Ukr.).

Kovalenko, V.V. (2024). The Impact of Bank Lending on Supporting Sustainable Development of the Country under Martial Law. Collection of Scientific Works of Odessa National Economic University, no. 5-6(318-319), pp. 47–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32680/2409-9260-2024-5-6-318-319-47-57 (in Ukr.).

Maliarchuk, O.V., Bahrii, K.L., & Ryleiev, S.V. (2025). Taxation of Banking Operations on the Stock Market: Current Practices and Fiscal Risks. Visnyk Chernivetsʹkoho torhovelʹno-ekonomichnoho instytutu [Bulletin of Chernivtsi Institute of Trade and Economics], vol. II (98), pp. 200–213. DOI: http://doi.org/10.34025/2310-8185-2025-2.98.12 (in Ukr.).

National Bank of Ukraine (n.d.). Official Website. Available at: https://bank.gov.ua/ (in Ukr.).

National Bank of Ukraine (2025, May). Overview of the Banking Sector, 1–15. Available at: https://bank.gov.ua/ua/news/all/oglyad-bankivskogo-sektoru-traven-2025-roku (in Ukr.).

National Bank of Ukraine. (2021). Policy on Sustainable Finance Development until 2025. Available at: https://bank.gov.ua/admin_uploads/article/Policy_rozvytok-stalogo-finansuvannja_2025.pdf (in Ukr.).

Ryleiev, S.V., & Dolha, H.V. (2025). Risk Management in Banking under Uncertainty. Visnyk Chernivetsʹkoho torhovelʹno-ekonomichnoho instytutu [Bulletin of Chernivtsi Institute of Trade and Economics], vol. II(98), pp. 214–226. DOI: http://doi.org/10.34025/2310-8185-2025-2.98.13 (in Ukr.).

Chaikovskyi, Y.I., Lutsiv, B.L., Dziubliuk, O.V., Chaikovskyi, E.Ya., & Lutsiv, P.B. (2025). Green Banking Lending as a Key Tool for Ecological Modernization of the Economy. Financial and Credit Activity: Problems of Theory and Practice, no. 2(16), pp. 54–72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32750/2025-02311 Available at: https://www.fkd.net.ua/index.php/fkd/article/view/4651/4319.

Shalyhina, I.V. (2024). Credit Portfolio of Ukrainian Banks during the War: Efficient Formation and Risk Minimization. Sustainable Development of Economy, no. 2(49), pp. 186–194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2308-1988/2024-49-29.

Shylo, Zh.S., Melnyk, L.V., & Skasovska, S.S. (2025). Prospects for the Development of Bank Lending to Ukrainian Enterprises. Scientific Journal “Modeling the Development of the Economic System”, no. 3, pp. 50–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31891/mdes/2025-17-6.

Shcherbyuk, A.P., & Tkachuk, N.M. (2024). Modern Approaches to Credit Risk Management in Banks: Theoretical Foundations and Practical Tools. Economy and Society, no. 63. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0072/2024-63-27.

World Bank in Ukraine (n.d.). Official Website. Available at: https://www.worldbank.org/uk/country/ukraine.